Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria

Adana’a Felix Chama

doi:doi:10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

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Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria

Adana’a Felix Chama

Published in Mathematical Modelling and Applications (Volume 5, Issue 1)

Received: 20 June 2019 Accepted: 2 January 2020 Published: 17 January 2020

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Abstract

National and state-level policies recognize the critical role that teachers play in ensuring that all students learn and building capacity for instrumental excellence in schools. Teachers influence students learning more than any other factor in the school and the dividends of effective teaching quality. In Adamawa state, there is unequal distribution of teachers to public schools which made parents prefer sending their children to private schools rather than the public schools. The study attempts to examines the uniformity of teachers distribution into various educational zones and local governments across the state and also attempt to solve these by applying sampling techniques to allocate and distribute teachers to educational zones and local government of the state. Ratio estimate method was employed to estimate the students’ population and compute the students-teacher ratio. The study found unequal distribution for teachers among the urban and rural areas and slight high teachers-students ratio compare to standard of the UNESCO, which is 1:30. To these reasons, the work recommend the application of sampling technique to the management of Adamawa state post primary school management board, Yola for posting and allocation of teachers, and encourage the state government to shift developments to rural areas of the state in order to discourage migration of teachers to urban centers for search of social amenities.

Published in	Mathematical Modelling and Applications (Volume 5, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
Page(s)	8-15
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2020. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Variance, Ratio, Estimate, Allocation

References

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[2]	Akinsola, A. O (2010). Teachers perception on teaching large classes in Nigerian secondary school. Florida journal of Educational Administration and Policy 3 (2), 112-132.
[3]	Blatchford, P; Basseth, P; Penolope (2011). Examining the effect of class size on classroom engagement and teacher- pupil interaction. Learning and Interaction 21: 715-730, 122-135.
[4]	Bowley, A. L (1926). Measurement of precision attained in sampling. Bulletin international Statistics institute, Amsterdam 22, 1-62.
[5]	Brewer, K. W. R (1963). Ratio Estimation in Finite Population: Some Results Deductible from Assumption of an Underlying Stochastic Process. Australian Journal of Statistics 5, 93-105.
[6]	Cochran W. G (1977). Sampling Techniques. New Delhi. John Wiley & Sons.
[7]	Chatterjee, S, (1972). A study of optimal allocation in Multivariate stratified survey. Skand akt. 73, 55-57.
[8]	Dayal, S (1985). Allocation of sample using values of auxiliary characteristics. Journal of the statistical planning and inference II. 321-685.
[9]	Garba, A, (2012). Secondary Education in Nigeria A synthesis of basic student specific concerns from guidance and counseling. Journal of international Cooperation in Education 15: 195-205.
[10]	Ghosh S. P, (1958). A note on stratified random sampling with multiple characters. Columbia Statistical Bulletin, 8: 81-89.
[11]	Horvitz, D. G and Thompson, D. J (1952). A generalization of sampling without replacement from finite universe, Journal of the American statistical Association. 47: 663-685.
[12]	Kent, R. A. (2001). Estimation, Data construction and Data analysis for Survey Research. 157.
[13]	Lankford, H; Loeb, S and Wyckoff, J (2002). Teachers sorting and the plight of Urban schools. A descriptive analyis. Educational evaluation and policy Analysis. 24 (1): 378-62.
[14]	Neyman, J (1934). On two different aspect of the representative method: the method of stratified sampling and the method of purposive selection. Journal of the Royal Statistical society. 97: 558-606.
[15]	Royall. R. M (1970), Finite Population sampling theory under certain linear regression Models. Biometrika, 57, 377-387.
[16]	Susan, P. O (2012), Analysis of internal efficiency in the utilization of human resources in selected secondary schools in Oyo, Nigeria. Journal of emerging trends in educational research and policy studies (JETERAS) 3 (5): 748-752 (ISSN: 2141-6990).
[17]	United Nations Education, Scientific and Cultural Organization, (2000). Institute for Statistics: World Education Indicator. 12: 122-129.

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APA Style

Adana’a Felix Chama. (2020). Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Mathematical Modelling and Applications, 5(1), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

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Adana’a Felix Chama. Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Math. Model. Appl. 2020, 5(1), 8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

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AMA Style

Adana’a Felix Chama. Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Math Model Appl. 2020;5(1):8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12,
  author = {Adana’a Felix Chama},
  title = {Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Mathematical Modelling and Applications},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mma.20200501.12},
  abstract = {National and state-level policies recognize the critical role that teachers play in ensuring that all students learn and building capacity for instrumental excellence in schools. Teachers influence students learning more than any other factor in the school and the dividends of effective teaching quality. In Adamawa state, there is unequal distribution of teachers to public schools which made parents prefer sending their children to private schools rather than the public schools. The study attempts to examines the uniformity of teachers distribution into various educational zones and local governments across the state and also attempt to solve these by applying sampling techniques to allocate and distribute teachers to educational zones and local government of the state. Ratio estimate method was employed to estimate the students’ population and compute the students-teacher ratio. The study found unequal distribution for teachers among the urban and rural areas and slight high teachers-students ratio compare to standard of the UNESCO, which is 1:30. To these reasons, the work recommend the application of sampling technique to the management of Adamawa state post primary school management board, Yola for posting and allocation of teachers, and encourage the state government to shift developments to rural areas of the state in order to discourage migration of teachers to urban centers for search of social amenities.},
 year = {2020}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria
AU  - Adana’a Felix Chama
Y1  - 2020/01/17
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
T2  - Mathematical Modelling and Applications
JF  - Mathematical Modelling and Applications
JO  - Mathematical Modelling and Applications
SP  - 8
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1794
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
AB  - National and state-level policies recognize the critical role that teachers play in ensuring that all students learn and building capacity for instrumental excellence in schools. Teachers influence students learning more than any other factor in the school and the dividends of effective teaching quality. In Adamawa state, there is unequal distribution of teachers to public schools which made parents prefer sending their children to private schools rather than the public schools. The study attempts to examines the uniformity of teachers distribution into various educational zones and local governments across the state and also attempt to solve these by applying sampling techniques to allocate and distribute teachers to educational zones and local government of the state. Ratio estimate method was employed to estimate the students’ population and compute the students-teacher ratio. The study found unequal distribution for teachers among the urban and rural areas and slight high teachers-students ratio compare to standard of the UNESCO, which is 1:30. To these reasons, the work recommend the application of sampling technique to the management of Adamawa state post primary school management board, Yola for posting and allocation of teachers, and encourage the state government to shift developments to rural areas of the state in order to discourage migration of teachers to urban centers for search of social amenities.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Adana’a Felix Chama

Department of Mathematical Sciences, Taraba State University, Jalingo, Nigeria

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APA Style

Adana’a Felix Chama. (2020). Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Mathematical Modelling and Applications, 5(1), 8-15. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

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ACS Style

Adana’a Felix Chama. Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Math. Model. Appl. 2020, 5(1), 8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Adana’a Felix Chama. Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Math Model Appl. 2020;5(1):8-15. doi: 10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12

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@article{10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12,
  author = {Adana’a Felix Chama},
  title = {Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria},
  journal = {Mathematical Modelling and Applications},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8-15},
  doi = {10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.mma.20200501.12},
  abstract = {National and state-level policies recognize the critical role that teachers play in ensuring that all students learn and building capacity for instrumental excellence in schools. Teachers influence students learning more than any other factor in the school and the dividends of effective teaching quality. In Adamawa state, there is unequal distribution of teachers to public schools which made parents prefer sending their children to private schools rather than the public schools. The study attempts to examines the uniformity of teachers distribution into various educational zones and local governments across the state and also attempt to solve these by applying sampling techniques to allocate and distribute teachers to educational zones and local government of the state. Ratio estimate method was employed to estimate the students’ population and compute the students-teacher ratio. The study found unequal distribution for teachers among the urban and rural areas and slight high teachers-students ratio compare to standard of the UNESCO, which is 1:30. To these reasons, the work recommend the application of sampling technique to the management of Adamawa state post primary school management board, Yola for posting and allocation of teachers, and encourage the state government to shift developments to rural areas of the state in order to discourage migration of teachers to urban centers for search of social amenities.},
 year = {2020}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of Sampling Technique to Teacher-Student Ratio in Post Primary Schools of Adamawa State, Nigeria
AU  - Adana’a Felix Chama
Y1  - 2020/01/17
PY  - 2020
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
T2  - Mathematical Modelling and Applications
JF  - Mathematical Modelling and Applications
JO  - Mathematical Modelling and Applications
SP  - 8
EP  - 15
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-1794
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.mma.20200501.12
AB  - National and state-level policies recognize the critical role that teachers play in ensuring that all students learn and building capacity for instrumental excellence in schools. Teachers influence students learning more than any other factor in the school and the dividends of effective teaching quality. In Adamawa state, there is unequal distribution of teachers to public schools which made parents prefer sending their children to private schools rather than the public schools. The study attempts to examines the uniformity of teachers distribution into various educational zones and local governments across the state and also attempt to solve these by applying sampling techniques to allocate and distribute teachers to educational zones and local government of the state. Ratio estimate method was employed to estimate the students’ population and compute the students-teacher ratio. The study found unequal distribution for teachers among the urban and rural areas and slight high teachers-students ratio compare to standard of the UNESCO, which is 1:30. To these reasons, the work recommend the application of sampling technique to the management of Adamawa state post primary school management board, Yola for posting and allocation of teachers, and encourage the state government to shift developments to rural areas of the state in order to discourage migration of teachers to urban centers for search of social amenities.
VL  - 5
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download